Hoodbhoy has taught in the physics department at Quaid-e-Azam University in Islamabad for 40 years and now also teaches at Forman Christian College in Lahore. He has won many awards, including the Abdus Salam Award for Mathematics, the Book of the Year Award from the National Book Council of Pakistan, and UNESCO's Kalinga Award for science popularization. In addition to producing many documentaries for Pakistani television, he has written the books Islam and Science: Religious Orthodoxy and the Battle for Rationality, Education and the State: Fifty Years of Pakistan, and Confronting the Bomb: Pakistani and Indian Scientists Speak Out.